grandfather แปลว่า

"Had the original work been permitted, it would be grandfathered into any code changes each time they occurred, Arvada officials said. The latest came in 2006."

"Old power plants are sometimes grandfathered from having to meet new clean air requirements."

"In 1915, the Supreme Court ruled unanimously in Guinn v. United States that grandfather clauses were unconstitutional. […] The decision had almost no effect, however. The Oklahoma Legislature met in special session to grandfather in the grandfather clause. The new law said those who had been registered in 1914 – whites under the old system – were automatically registered to vote, while African-Americans could only register between April 30 and May 11, 1916, or forever be disenfranchised. That law stayed on the books until a Supreme Court ruling in 1939."